КНЯЗІВСЬКА ВЛАДА НА РУСІ В Х-ХІІ СТ.

Анотація

У статті робиться спроба визначити особливості здійснення одноосібної влади князівською династією Рюриковичів упродовж Х-ХІІ ст. Розкривається процес встановлення одноосібної влади київських князів Рюриковичів на Русі та окреслюються основні напрямки діяльності представників династії з консолідації східнослов’янських племінних союзів.

Ключові слова: князь, влада, династія, Київська Русь, Рюриковичі. 

В статье делается попытка определить особенности осуществления единоличной власти княжеской династией Рюриковичей на протяжении Х-ХІІ веков. Раскрывается процесс установления единоличной власти киевских князей Рюриковичей на Руси, и определяются основные направления деятельности представителей династии с консолидации восточнославянских племенных союзов.

Ключевые слова: князь, власть, династия, Киевская Русь, Рюриковичи.   

The article is devoted to definition of specifics of implementation of one-man rule among Rurik’s princely dynasty during X-XII centuries. The author analyses the process of establishing of sole authority of Kiev princes Ruriks in Rus’ and  determines the main activities of the dynasty representatives in consolidation of East-Slavic tribal unions. The feudal structure that existed in Rus’ (and later in Russia) about thousand years has begun forming in the 9th-century. Early feudalism lasted during the 9th–11th-century. It coincided with a period of political-territorial forming of Rus’ state. It was a kind of transition, when the central government was unable to restrict the local nobility rights. The Varangian princes have defeated Khazars with the goal territory consolidation Slavic tribal unions, and relying on military retinues, slowly, one by one, have subordinated the south-eastern tribes and put on them tribute during the 9th–10th-century. They had implemented a number of authority-management reforms that allowed to the Kievan princes to take into their hands from local princes the right to individual-private solving of political, power and financial problems in Rus’ space.  The Riurik's dynasty began the process of unification of East Slavic tribal unions in one state during the 9th–10th-century. At the period of sustainable dynasty development (during 11th century  – 30-ies 12th century) all East Slavic tribal groups  found  themselves  in  the  “Empire  Riurik's  dynasty”.  It has  become  an  important political and  military force in Eastern Europe:  successful campaigns has carried out against Byzantine Empire, favourable trade agreements were concluded with emperors, Kievan princes established dynastic ties with many of the most powerful royal families of Europe.

Keywords: prince, power, dynasty, Kievan Rus’, Ruriks