ЩОДО ОСОБЛИВОСТЕЙ ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ПІДЗЕМНИХ ВОД В УКРАЇНІ

Анотація

Розглянуто питання щодо особливостей правового регулювання використання підземних вод в Україні та видів водокористування щодо даного об’єкта. Наголошується на необхідності удосконалення природоохоронного законодавства України.

Ключові слова: підземні води, водокористування, загальне водокористування, спеціальне водокористування, охорона підземних вод.

Исследованы вопросы относительно особенностей правового регулиро-вания использования подземных вод в Украине и видов водопользования относительно данного объекта. Подчеркивается необходимость усовершенствования природоохранного законодательства Украины.

Ключевые слова: подземные воды, водопользование, общее водопользование, специальное водопользование, охрана подземных вод.

Issues concerning the legal regulation of the use of groundwater in Ukraine are considered. On the basis of the analysis of the current legislation, it is proved that both general and special water use is used in relation to this water object. It is noted that the current legislation provides for a rather complicated process of obtaining the right to use groundwater. Namely, the presence of a permit for special water use is a prerequisite for the issue of a permit for the use of subsoil in the case of the extraction of groundwater. It is noted that the special permit for the use of subsoil gives the right to extract groundwater, and the permission for special water use - the right to use them. It is established that enterprises, institutions and organizations whose activities may have a negative impact on groundwater status are obliged to take measures to prevent groundwater pollution and to monitor the quality of the status of these waters. It is noted that relations between the state and enterprises, establishments and organizations that carry out drinking water supply are regulated not by the contract, but by means of administrative legal regulations and economic levers. It is proposed to fine-tune fine sanctions and the procedure for their application to enterprises, institutions and organizations and individuals who violate environmental legislation. It is proved that today there is a need to improve the current water legislation and bring it in line with environmental legislation. It also emphasizes the necessity of significant increase of volumes and efficiency of water protection measures, which will ensure reduction and neutralization of negative technogenic load on water supply sources. The problems considered require a more in-depth study to develop specific proposals for improving water legislation in Ukraine.

Key words: groundwater, water use, general water use, special water use, permission for special water use, use of undergrounds, groundwater protection, groundwater pollution, ground-water quality control.