«ЖИВЕ» НАРОДНЕ СЛОВО ЯК ПІДҐРУНТЯ ЛЕКСИКОГРАФІЧНОЇ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ В. ДАЛЯ ТА МОТИВАЦІЯ ПОТРЕБИ ФІКСАЦІЇ УКРАЇНІЗМІВ

Анотація

У статті висвітлено лексикографічну концепцію В. Даля, в основі якої принципи фіксації фактів «живого великоросійського мовлення» з урахуванням чинних запозичень, а також аналіз особливостей тогочасного російського художнього мовлення, де був поширений малоросійський стиль, характерна риса якого – активне використання українізмів. Заслугою В. Даля вважаємо й те, що він визнавав самостійність української мови.

Ключові слова: живе слово, запозичення, лексикографічна концепція, малоросійська мова, українізм, українська мова, великоросійська мова, наріччя.

The concept of "live language" has already used as the title for V. Dahl's dictionary. Even now it is very important for modern linguistics. It is believed that "live language" is a language used by a particular language community in its colloquial practice. It is spontaneous, moving, fluid, dynamic speech, not regulated by a norm that consistently implements the principles of economy and emphasis. V. Dahl's dictionary has depicted the vector of foreign language borrowings into Russian. A lot of scientists began to write about this problem mainly in the second half of the twentieth century. T. Bobrova has pointed to the urgent need for a detailed study of the phenomenon of borrowing, which is traced in Russian from other national languages, and the need for a creation of the explanatory borrowing dictionary. H. Holetiani has also emphasized at the necessity of creating dictionaries of the foreign languages, since such dictionaries would convincingly show the vector of the development of Russian language. This problem has not been completely solved by this time, in particular concerning Ukrainianisms of the Russian. In the article the lexicographic concept of V. Dahl has described, which is based on the principles of fixing the facts of the living «velykorosiyska» speech, taking into account the current borrowings, as well as an analysis of the peculiarities of contemporary Russian artistic speech, where the «malorosiyskiy» style was spread, the characteristic features of which are the active use of the Ukrainianisms. V. Dahl's merit was also that he had recognized the independence of the Ukrainian language.

Key words: living word, borrowings, lexicographic concept, the «malorosiyska» language, ukrainianisms, the Ukrainian language, the «velykorosiyska» language, dialect.