Composition, and Applications of ADB-PINACA: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract: This article provides a comprehensive review of the synthesis, chemical composition, and applications of ADB-PINACA, a synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist. The paper begins with an introduction to the chemical structure and classification of synthetic cannabinoids, followed by a detailed discussion on the synthesis process and chemical properties of ADB-PINACA. The article then explores the pharmacological effects, metabolism, and toxicity of ADB-PINACA. Finally, the article discusses the legal and social implications of ADB-PINACA and its potential applications in medical research.
Introduction: Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are a class of designer drugs that mimic the effects of cannabis by activating the same receptors in the brain. SCs have become increasingly popular in recent years due to their availability and perceived legality. ADB-PINACA (also known as ADBICA) is one such SC that has gained notoriety for its potent psychoactive effects. This article provides a comprehensive review of the synthesis, chemical composition, and applications of ADB-PINACA.
Synthesis and Chemical Composition: ADB-PINACA is a synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist that belongs to the indazole-3-carboxamide family. It is structurally similar to other SCs such as AB-PINACA and ADBICA. The synthesis of ADB-PINACA involves the reaction of indazole-3-carboxylic acid with 1-pentylamine in the presence of a coupling agent such as HATU or HOBt. The resulting product is then reacted with a reducing agent such as sodium borohydride to produce ADB-PINACA.
ADB-PINACA has a molecular formula of C19H25FN3O2 and a molecular weight of 332.42 g/mol. It is a white or off-white crystalline powder that is soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, acetone, and dichloromethane. ADB-PINACA has a boiling point of 210-212°C and a melting point of 88-90°C.
Pharmacological Effects, Metabolism, and Toxicity: ADB-PINACA activates the CB1 and CB2 receptors in the brain, producing psychoactive effects similar to those of cannabis. However, ADB-PINACA is much more potent than cannabis, with reported EC50 values ranging from 0.11 to 0.33 nM. The metabolism of ADB-PINACA is not well understood, but it is believed to be metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes in the liver.
The toxicity of ADB-PINACA is a significant concern. It has been linked to numerous cases of severe illness and death. The most common adverse effects of ADB-PINACA include agitation, tachycardia, hypertension, and seizures. In severe cases, it can cause acute kidney injury, rhabdomyolysis, and disseminated intravascular coagulation.
Legal and Social Implications: ADB-PINACA is currently classified as a Schedule I controlled substance in the United States, making it illegal to possess, distribute, or manufacture. However, it is still widely available online and in head shops, making it easy for individuals to obtain. The legal status of ADB-PINACA varies worldwide, with some countries banning it outright and others regulating it as a controlled substance.
The social implications of ADB-PINACA are significant. It is often marketed as a legal alternative to cannabis, leading many individuals to believe that it is safe. However, as discussed above, ADB-PINACA is much more potent than cannabis and can cause severe adverse effects. The ease of access to ADB-PINACA and other SCs is also a concern, as it can lead to increased use and dependence.
Potential Applications in Medical Research: Despite the risks associated with ADB-PINACA, it has potential applications in medical research. Its potent psychoactive effects make it a useful tool for studying the endocannabinoid system and its role in various physiological processes. However, more research is needed to fully
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Composition, and Applications of ADB-PINACA: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract:
This article provides a comprehensive review of the synthesis, chemical composition, and applications of ADB-PINACA, a synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist. The paper begins with an introduction to the chemical structure and classification of synthetic cannabinoids, followed by a detailed discussion on the synthesis process and chemical properties of ADB-PINACA. The article then explores the pharmacological effects, metabolism, and toxicity of ADB-PINACA. Finally, the article discusses the legal and social implications of ADB-PINACA and its potential applications in medical research.
https://bbgate.com/media/adb-pinaca-synthesis.93/
Introduction:
Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are a class of designer drugs that mimic the effects of cannabis by activating the same receptors in the brain. SCs have become increasingly popular in recent years due to their availability and perceived legality. ADB-PINACA (also known as ADBICA) is one such SC that has gained notoriety for its potent psychoactive effects. This article provides a comprehensive review of the synthesis, chemical composition, and applications of ADB-PINACA.
Synthesis and Chemical Composition:
ADB-PINACA is a synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist that belongs to the indazole-3-carboxamide family. It is structurally similar to other SCs such as AB-PINACA and ADBICA. The synthesis of ADB-PINACA involves the reaction of indazole-3-carboxylic acid with 1-pentylamine in the presence of a coupling agent such as HATU or HOBt. The resulting product is then reacted with a reducing agent such as sodium borohydride to produce ADB-PINACA.
ADB-PINACA has a molecular formula of C19H25FN3O2 and a molecular weight of 332.42 g/mol. It is a white or off-white crystalline powder that is soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, acetone, and dichloromethane. ADB-PINACA has a boiling point of 210-212°C and a melting point of 88-90°C.
Pharmacological Effects, Metabolism, and Toxicity:
ADB-PINACA activates the CB1 and CB2 receptors in the brain, producing psychoactive effects similar to those of cannabis. However, ADB-PINACA is much more potent than cannabis, with reported EC50 values ranging from 0.11 to 0.33 nM. The metabolism of ADB-PINACA is not well understood, but it is believed to be metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes in the liver.
The toxicity of ADB-PINACA is a significant concern. It has been linked to numerous cases of severe illness and death. The most common adverse effects of ADB-PINACA include agitation, tachycardia, hypertension, and seizures. In severe cases, it can cause acute kidney injury, rhabdomyolysis, and disseminated intravascular coagulation.
Legal and Social Implications:
ADB-PINACA is currently classified as a Schedule I controlled substance in the United States, making it illegal to possess, distribute, or manufacture. However, it is still widely available online and in head shops, making it easy for individuals to obtain. The legal status of ADB-PINACA varies worldwide, with some countries banning it outright and others regulating it as a controlled substance.
The social implications of ADB-PINACA are significant. It is often marketed as a legal alternative to cannabis, leading many individuals to believe that it is safe. However, as discussed above, ADB-PINACA is much more potent than cannabis and can cause severe adverse effects. The ease of access to ADB-PINACA and other SCs is also a concern, as it can lead to increased use and dependence.
Potential Applications in Medical Research:
Despite the risks associated with ADB-PINACA, it has potential applications in medical research. Its potent psychoactive effects make it a useful tool for studying the endocannabinoid system and its role in various physiological processes. However, more research is needed to fully
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Re: Re: Re: Directory of onion sites in darkweb | deep web links deep web access
як Kurt Lambert (2024-04-08)
Unveiling the Enigma: Exploring the Marvels of CAS 28578-16-7 Introduction: A Journey into the Unknown In the vast landscape of chemical compounds, there exists a hidden gem, a mysterious... Далі...
Re: Re: Re: Directory of onion sites in darkweb | deep web links deep web access
як Kurt Lambert (2024-04-08)
Unveiling the Enigmatic World of CAS 28578-16-7: A Journey Through Chemical Curiosity Introduction: Unlocking the Mystery In the vast expanse of chemical compounds, there exists a realm... Далі...
Re: Re: Re: Directory of onion sites in darkweb | deep web links deep web access
як Kurt Lambert (2024-04-09)
Unveiling the Marvels of CAS 28578-16-7: A Journey into the World of Chemical Wonders Introduction: Unraveling the Enigmatic CAS 28578-16-7 In the realm of chemistry, where mystery and... Далі...