Title: Synthesis, Chemical Composition, and Applications of α-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone (α-PVP)
Introduction
The emergence of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) has posed a significant challenge to the scientific and law enforcement communities in recent years. Among these NPS, α-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone (α-PVP), also known as "flakka," has gained notoriety due to its high potency and potential for abuse. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the synthesis, chemical composition, and applications of α-PVP.
α-PVP is a synthetic cathinone derivative, structurally related to pyrovalerone, a compound originally developed in the 1960s as a central nervous system stimulant. The chemical formula of α-PVP is C15H21NO, and its molecular weight is 231.33 g/mol. It is a white or off-white crystalline powder with a bitter taste and a chemical structure that closely resembles that of other cathinone derivatives, such as methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) and mephedrone.
The synthesis of α-PVP typically involves the reaction of a phenylpropanone derivative with a pyrrolidine compound under basic conditions. The reaction proceeds via a Mannich-type condensation, resulting in the formation of the α-PVP molecule. The synthesis process requires careful control of reaction conditions, including temperature, pH, and reaction time, to ensure high yields and purity of the final product.
Applications of α-PVP
Despite its illegality and potential health risks, α-PVP has found applications in various fields, including research and forensics. Its structural similarity to other cathinone derivatives makes it a valuable tool for studying the pharmacology and toxicology of these substances. Researchers use α-PVP to investigate the mechanisms of action of cathinone derivatives, their metabolism, and their interactions with various biological targets.
In forensic science, α-PVP serves as a reference standard for the identification and quantification of this compound in seized materials, biological fluids, and tissues. Forensic laboratories use advanced analytical techniques, such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), to detect and quantify α-PVP in various matrices.
Moreover, α-PVP has potential applications in the development of novel therapeutic agents. Its stimulant properties make it a candidate for the treatment of various neurological disorders, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. However, further research is needed to evaluate its safety and efficacy in clinical settings.
Conclusion
α-PVP is a synthetic cathinone derivative with a high potential for abuse and a significant impact on public health. Its synthesis involves the reaction of a phenylpropanone derivative with a pyrrolidine compound under basic conditions. Despite its illegality and health risks, α-PVP has found applications in research, forensics, and potentially, therapeutics. As a valuable tool for studying the pharmacology and toxicology of cathinone derivatives, α-PVP continues to play a crucial role in advancing our understanding of these substances and their impacts on human health.
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З приводу Re: Directory of onion sites in darkweb | deep web links deep web access
Title: Synthesis, Chemical Composition, and Applications of α-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone (α-PVP)
Introduction
The emergence of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) has posed a significant challenge to the scientific and law enforcement communities in recent years. Among these NPS, α-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone (α-PVP), also known as "flakka," has gained notoriety due to its high potency and potential for abuse. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the synthesis, chemical composition, and applications of α-PVP.
https://bbgate.com/tags/a-pvp/
Synthesis and Chemical Composition
α-PVP is a synthetic cathinone derivative, structurally related to pyrovalerone, a compound originally developed in the 1960s as a central nervous system stimulant. The chemical formula of α-PVP is C15H21NO, and its molecular weight is 231.33 g/mol. It is a white or off-white crystalline powder with a bitter taste and a chemical structure that closely resembles that of other cathinone derivatives, such as methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) and mephedrone.
The synthesis of α-PVP typically involves the reaction of a phenylpropanone derivative with a pyrrolidine compound under basic conditions. The reaction proceeds via a Mannich-type condensation, resulting in the formation of the α-PVP molecule. The synthesis process requires careful control of reaction conditions, including temperature, pH, and reaction time, to ensure high yields and purity of the final product.
Applications of α-PVP
Despite its illegality and potential health risks, α-PVP has found applications in various fields, including research and forensics. Its structural similarity to other cathinone derivatives makes it a valuable tool for studying the pharmacology and toxicology of these substances. Researchers use α-PVP to investigate the mechanisms of action of cathinone derivatives, their metabolism, and their interactions with various biological targets.
In forensic science, α-PVP serves as a reference standard for the identification and quantification of this compound in seized materials, biological fluids, and tissues. Forensic laboratories use advanced analytical techniques, such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), to detect and quantify α-PVP in various matrices.
Moreover, α-PVP has potential applications in the development of novel therapeutic agents. Its stimulant properties make it a candidate for the treatment of various neurological disorders, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. However, further research is needed to evaluate its safety and efficacy in clinical settings.
Conclusion
α-PVP is a synthetic cathinone derivative with a high potential for abuse and a significant impact on public health. Its synthesis involves the reaction of a phenylpropanone derivative with a pyrrolidine compound under basic conditions. Despite its illegality and health risks, α-PVP has found applications in research, forensics, and potentially, therapeutics. As a valuable tool for studying the pharmacology and toxicology of cathinone derivatives, α-PVP continues to play a crucial role in advancing our understanding of these substances and their impacts on human health.
Відповіді
Re: Re: Re: Directory of onion sites in darkweb | deep web links deep web access
як Kurt Lambert (2024-04-08)
Unraveling the Enigmatic Beauty of CAS 28578-16-7: A Journey through Chemistry's Wonderland Introduction: In the vast cosmos of chemistry, there exist molecules that defy expectations,... Далі...
Re: Re: Re: Directory of onion sites in darkweb | deep web links deep web access
як Kurt Lambert (2024-04-09)
Unlocking the Mysteries of CAS 28578-16-7: A Journey into the Unknown Introduction: Unveiling the Enigma In the labyrinth of chemical compounds lies a hidden gem, a mystery waiting to be... Далі...
Re: Re: Re: Directory of onion sites in darkweb | deep web links deep web access
як Kurt Lambert (2024-04-09)
Unveiling the Enigmatic CAS 28578-16-7: A Journey into the Realm of Chemical Curiosity Introduction: Unveiling the Enigmatic In the labyrinth of chemical compounds, where each molecule is a... Далі...